Eadmund OF WESSEX King of England
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth Date: Bef 990 - Wessex, England Christening: Death: 30 Nov 1016 - England Burial: Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Ealdgyth UNKNOWN of Mercia (Abt 990 - Unknown) Marriage: Aug 105 - Malmsbury, Wiltshire Status: Children: 1. Eadweard OF WESSEX (1016-1057)
Notes
General:
Edmund (Edmund II) "Eadmund, Ironside, King of England" of England formerly WessexResearch:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wessex-28
---
Biography
Birth, Name and Earlier Life
Edmund was the third son of Æthelred the Unready and his first wife Ælfgifu.[1] His birth date is uncertain, but was likely to have been before 990:[2] his name is listed as subscribing charters from 993 onwards,[1] suggesting he was beyond infancy by then.
Edmund was from soon after his death, if not in his lifetime, known as "Ironside" because of his fighting prowess.[3]
In 1014 Edmund's brother Æthelstan bequeathed him some of his estates, along with a trumpet coated in silver and two swords, one of which had belonged to King Offa of Mercia.[4]
Marriage and Children
In 1015 Eadric Streona ordered the killing of Sigeferth and his brother Morcar. According to the E manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, Æthelred the Unready subsequently arranged for Sigeferth's widow Ældgyth to be held at Malmesbury. Edmund secured the lands of Sigeferth and Morcar, and, against the wishes of his father Æthelred, made Ældgyth his wife.[5] Edmund and Ældgyth had two sons, who may have been twins given the dates of the marriage and of Edmund's death:[2]
Edmund[1][2][6]
Edward[1][2][6][5]
War against Cnut
Around this time, Cnut of Denmark landed in England. Edmund raised an army in the Midlands and the North of England. Eadric Streona submitted to Cnut, taking 40 ships from the fleet of Æthelred the Unready with him. Edmund's army dispersed when Æthelred - who was ill - failed to join them. Edmund assembled another army in 1016, but this achieved little. He and Uhtred of Northumbria then raided parts of Mercia. Uhtred left off the raiding when he heard that Cnut was seizing Yorkshire, but had to surrender to Cnut, only to be executed.[5]
Reign
Edmund then went to London, where his father died on 23 April 1016, and was proclaimed king by Æthelred's councillors. Cnut's forces besieged London. Edmund meanwhile went to Wessex, where he was recognised as king. There followed a series of battles against the Danish forces, who were supported by Eadric Streona. Edmund relieved London, only for it to be unsuccessfully besieged again by Cnut's forces. With another army, Edmund drove Danish forces out of Kent. Eadric Streona switched sides and went over to Edmund. The Danes turned to raiding in East Anglia and Mercia. Battle was joined at Assandun in Essex. During the fighting, Eadric Streona abandoned the fray, leading to Edmund's defeat and the death of some of Edmund's most prominent supporters.[5]
Edmund went to Gloucestershire, pursued by Cnut. Eadric Streona had rejoined him, and, with other advisers, counselled Edmund to come to terms with Cnut. This they did, with Edmund making a payment to Cnut, and England being divided, Edmund holding Wessex and Cnut holding Mercia[5] and probably Northumbria too.[1]
Death
Edmund died soon after, on 30 November (St Andrew's Day) 1016. He was buried at Glastonbury Abbey.[5] The tomb was destroyed during the Dissolution of the Monasteries under Henry VIII.[7] His name is on a mortuary casket in Winchester Cathedral, where his remains may now be located.[8][9]
Edmund's sons left England soon after his death,[1] finding refuge from Cnut in Hungary.[10]
Sources
? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry by M K Lawson for 'Edmund II [known as Edmund Ironside]', print and online 2004
? 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Charles Cawley. EADMUND, son of ÆTHELRED II, entry in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 15 May 2021)
? Michael Swanton (translator and editor). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, revised edition, Phoenix Press, 2000, pp. 187-188
? Dorothy Whitelock (ed.). English Historical Documents, Volume I, c.500-1042, 2nd edition, Eyre Methuen, 1979, pp. 593-596
? 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Michael Swanton, The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, pp. 145-153
? 6.0 6.1 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry by M K Lawson for 'Edward Ætheling [called Edward the Exile]', print and online 2004
? Wikipedia: Edmund Ironside
? 'The riddle of Winchester Cathedral's skeletons', BBC News website, 18 May 2019, accessed 15 May 2021
? 'Who lies in the mortuary chests at Winchester Cathedral?', Medievalists.net, accessed 15 May 2021
? Frank Stenton. Anglo-Saxon England, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 397
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry by M K Lawson for 'Edmund II [known as Edmund Ironside]', print and online 2004
Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Vol. 16, pp. 403-405, entry for 'EDMUND or EADMUND, called Ironside', Wikisource
Cawley, Charles. EADMUND, son of ÆTHELRED II, entry in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 15 May 2021)
Stenton, Frank. Anglo-Saxon England, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, 1971, pp. 389-393
Wikipedia: Edmund Ironside
Eadweard OF WESSEX
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth Date: 1016 - England Christening: Death: 1057 - London, Middlesex, England ( at age 41) Burial: Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Eadmund OF WESSEX King of England (Bef 990-1016) Mother: Ealdgyth UNKNOWN of Mercia (Abt 990- )
Spouses and Children
1. *Agatha UNKNOWN (After 1018 - After 1068) Marriage: Status: Children: 1. Saint Margaret OF WESSEX Queen of Scots (Abt 1045-Abt 1093)
Notes
General:
Edward "the Exile, Ætheling, the Outlaw" of WessexResearch:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wessex-347
---
Biography
Edward was the son of Edmund Ironside and his wife, said to have been named Ældgyth/Ealdgyth. His parents married in 1015,[1] and his father died on 30 November 1016, so he would have been born in either 1016 or posthumously after his father's death. Given the shortness of time between his parents' marriage and Edmund Ironside's death, he and his brother Edmund may have been twins.[2]
After his father's death, Edward and his brother went to Hungary, where they found safe refuge.[3] The circumstances and timing are obscure. According to a 1057 entry in the D text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, King Cnut banished Edward to Hungary to betray (presumably meaning with the intention that he should be killed).[4] Orderic Vitalis states that Edward and his brother were sent to Denmark to be killed, but that the Danish king sent them on to Hungary.[2] John of Worcester, in the Chronicle formerly attributed to Florence of Worcester, says that they were sent to the Swedish king to be done to death, and were instead transferred to Hungary.[1][5] According to Adam of Bremen, the two brothers were banished to Russia.[2]
Charles Cawley speculates that Edmund and his brother did not reach Hungary until 1046, though without a reliable source.[2]
Edward married Agatha, whose precise family origins are unclear. She may have been a member of the Hungarian royal family or else a close relative of a Holy Roman Emperor.[1] (See her profile, and her entry in the Henry Project,[6] for more discussion.) Edward and Agatha had three children:
Edgar Ætheling[1][2][7]
St Margaret of Scotland who married Malcolm Canmore[1][2][7]
Christina[1][2][7]
Edward spent almost all his life in exile and he is often known as Edward the Exile. There is no reliable information about his life outside England. In 1057 he finally came to England, possibly invited in the hope that he might prove a successor to Edward the Confessor:[8] but he died on 19 April 1057, without having met Edward the Confessor.[1] He was buried in St Paul's Cathedral, London.[1][8]
Research Notes
Edward the Exile and his wife Agatha have previously been shown on WikiTree as parents of Aethlreda, whose profile is unsourced. There is no good source for their having a child of this name and she has been detached. It is not at all clear who Athlreda's profile is meant to represent, and her existence is uncertain.
Sources
? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry by M K Lawson for 'Edward Ætheling [called Edward the Exile]', print and online 2004
? 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Charles Cawley. EDWARD ([1016/17-London 19 Apr 1057], entry (under his father Edmund Ironside) in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 17 May 2021)
? Frank Stenton. Anglo-Saxon England, 3rd edition, Oxford University Press, 1971, p. 397
? Michael Swanton (translator and editor). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, revised edition, Phoenix Press, 2000, pp. 187-188
? Joseph Stevenson (trans. and ed.). The Church Historians of England, Vol. II, part I, The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Chronicle of Florence of Worcester, Seeleys, 1853, p. 269, Internet Archive
? The Henry Project, entry for Agatha wife of Eadweard the Exile
? 7.0 7.1 7.2 The Henry Project, entry for Eadweard "the Exile"
? 8.0 8.1 Michael Swanton (translator and editor). The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles, revised edition, Phoenix Press, 2000, pp. 187-188
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, entry by M K Lawson for 'Edward Ætheling [called Edward the Exile]', print and online 2004
Fest, Sándor. The Sons of Eadmund Ironside, Anglo-Saxon King at the Court of Saint Stephen, Hungarian Electronic Periodical Archive, undated
Cawley, Charles. EDWARD ([1016/17-London 19 Apr 1057], entry (under his father Edmund Ironside) in "Medieval Lands" database (accessed 19 May 2021)
The Henry Project, entry for Eadweard "the Exile"
Wikipedia: Edward the Exile
[edit]
Saint Margaret OF WESSEX Queen of Scots
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth Date: Abt 1045 - Wessex, England Christening: Death: Abt 16 Nov 1093 - Edinburgh Castle, Edinburgh, Edinburghshire, Scotland ( aged about 48) Burial: in Church of the Holy Trinity, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Eadweard OF WESSEX (1016-1057) Mother: Agatha UNKNOWN (After 1018-After 1068)
Spouses and Children
1. *Malcolm DUNKELD King of Scots (Abt 1031 - 13 Nov 1093) Marriage: Abt 1069 - Dumfermline, Fife, Scotland Status: Children: 1. Eadgyth DUNKELD of Scotland (Abt 1079-1118)
Notes
General:
Margaret, Quessn of Scots. Also known as Saint Margaret.Research:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wessex-26
---
Biography
The House of Wessex crest.
Margaret (Wessex) Queen of Scots is a member of the House of Wessex.
Notables Project
Margaret (Wessex) Queen of Scots is Notable.
Family and Early Life
Margaret was the eldest daughter of Edward the Ætheling by his wife Agatha, a kinswoman of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor.[1][2][3] Her father and uncle had been exiled by King Cnut years before (possibly with the intention of having them murdered) but they had found a safe haven with the King of Sweden and eventually ended up in Hungary.[4] The date of Margaret's birth is unknown but based on her marriage c.1068/9 it was probably sometime between 1038 and 1057, and more likely between 1045-1050.[3][5] She was brought up in Hungary, a nation that had been converted to christianity by St Stephen, and she appears to have received a very strict religious education.[6]
Edward the Ætheling returned with his family to England in 1057 but died within the year. In 1066 Margaret's brother, Edgar Ætheling, was put forward as the heir to the English throne after King Harold's death, but William of Normandy claimed the throne for himself.[4][5] Edgar fled in 1067 with his mother and two sisters to Scotland, where he sought refuge with Malcolm III, King of Scots.[4][5] The Scottish king was completely captivated by Margaret and determined to marry her.[7][5] Margaret had other ideas (she hoped to become a nun and enter a religious order) but her mother and brother convinced her there was not an easy way to say 'no' to a king upon whose protection they were all dependent.[4] Their marriage was to last for twenty-three years.
Marriage and Children
Margaret married (as his second wife) at Dunfermline, Fife in 1068/9 Malcolm III, king of Scots, the eldest son of Duncan I.[1][8][9] There were eight children from this marriage:
Edward Dunkeld; d. 15/16 Nov 1093[10][11][12]
Edmund Dunkeld, prince of Cumbria and later a monk[13][2][14]
Æthelred Dunkeld, earl of Fife and abbot of Dunkeld[15][2][16]
Edgar Dunkeld, king of Scots; b. c.1074;[17][18] d. 8 Jan 1106/7 (unmarried)[19][20][21]
Alexander I Dunkeld, king of Scots; b. c.1077;[22][23] m. Sybilla, natural daughter of Henry I, king of England;[22][20][24] d. 23 Apr 1124[22][20][25]
David I Dunkeld, king of Scots; m. 1113 Maud Huntingdon;[26][27] d. 24 May 1153[28][26][29]
Maud (or Matilda) Dunkeld, queen of England; m. 11 Nov 1100 Henry I, king of England;[30][16][2] d. 1 May 1118[16][2]
Mary Dunkeld, countess Boulogne and Lens; m. 1102 Eustace III, count of Boulogne and Lens;[31][16][2] d. 31 May 1116[16][2]
Queen of Scotland
Queen Margaret had a significant impact on Scotland in several ways, one of which was her ability to make important changes in the Scottish church. In matters of religion King Malcolm deferred to her judgment, which he trusted implicitly.[32] Margaret was "very learned" but could not speak Gaelic; her husband could not read but spoke three languages and served as her translator when she gathered clergy to sit in council at the court.[33] Among the reforms which she instituted through these councils were 1) allowing the churches to offer communion more often than just once a year at Easter; 2) prohibiting anyone from doing ordinary labor on Sundays; 3) observing a fast during Lent beginning on Ash Wednesday instead of the following Monday; and 4) forbidding marriages between a man and his stepmother or sister-in-law.[4][33] She also reinstated an old tradition of giving thanks after meals, and in later years in Scotland the grace cup became known as "St Margaret's blessing."[5]
She successfully converted the church of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline into a Benedictine priory, whose first monks came from the cathedral monastery of Canterbury.[4][34] Having a special reverence for St Andrew, she convinced her husband to remit the ferry charges at the busy crossing of the Firth of Forth for any pilgrims traveling to visit St Andrew's shrine.[4][34] The crossing was later named "Queensferry" in her honor.[4] In addition, she restored the monastery at Iona.[34]
Margaret also had an important influence on secular life at court and throughout Scotland. In stark contrast to her own ascetic practices, she had a love and appreciation for rich fabrics, jewels, and lavish decorations. King Malcolm was said to have had her favorite books "emblazoned with gold and jewels" as a sign of his love for her.[35] She encouraged the growth of large trading centers where goods previously unknown in Scotland could be imported from England and the european continent,[7] and decorated the monastery at Dunfermline with gold and silver and precious jewels, as well as embellishing the king's court.[36] English and continental influences, of all kinds, began to pour into Scotland during this time.[7]
Margaret introduced a new formality into her husband's court. The king no longer went riding without a royal escort, and dinners were served on gold and silver plate.[37] She also made needlework, and especially embroidery, popular among the ladies at the court.[5]
Death
Queen Margaret was fervently devoted to her religious practices, and this great devotion eventually played a large part in her death. It has been reported by historians that every morning a certain number of poor were lined up in front of the palace, and the king and queen washed their feet and gave them food and clothing.[37] The queen rose every midnight for prayer,[37], fed orphans with her own spoon,[5], and fasted for forty days before Christmas as well as during Lent.[5] For almost six months prior to her death, she was so weak from her abstinence that she was unable to ride a horse and was practically confined to her bed.[5] It is said that on the fourth day before her death, she had a presentiment that her husband would be murdered.[5]
King Malcolm was killed on 13 November 1093, and Queen Margaret joined him three days later, dying shortly after learning her husband and eldest son had been slain. She was buried before the high altar in the church of the Holy Trinity at Dunfermline, Fife.[38][39][1][2]
St Margaret
In 1250, Queen Margaret was canonized by Pope Inocent IV.[1][5] In 1628 the remains of King Malcolm and Queen Margaret were acquired by Philip II, king of Spain, and placed in the chapel of St Laurence in the Escurial at Madrid, but when Bishop Gillies of Edinburgh later petitioned that they be returned to Scotland, their remains could no longer be found.[5]
Sources
? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, pp. 576-578 SCOTLAND 1. Malcolm III.
? 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 2.
? 3.0 3.1 Baldwin, Stewart. St Margaret. The Henry Project (2010).
? 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Barrow, G.W.S. St Margaret. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online 23 Sep 2004. Available here by subscription.
? 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 Mackay, A.J.G. Margaret, St.. Dictionary of National Biography Archive Edition (1893).
? Barrow, G.W.S. Kingship and Unity.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (2015), p. 34.
? 7.0 7.1 7.2 Barrow, G.W.S. Kingship and Unity.Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (2015), p. 35.
? Keene, Catherine.The Dunfermline 'Vita' of St. Margaret of Scotland: Hagiography as an Articulation of Hereditary Rights. Arthuriana 19, no. 3 (2009), p. 43.
? Stevenson, J. (ed). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: the Societatis Edinburgensis (1835), "Anno m.lxx: Rex Malcolmus Angliam ufque cliveland vaftavit; et tunc clitoni Edgaro et fororibus Margaret et Chriftine, ubi eas invenit regem Anglie fugientes, ut in Scotiam irent, apud weremundam in reditu pacem fuam donavit et Margaretam poftea fibi in matrimonium junxit." p. 55.
? Stevenson, J. (ed). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: the Societatis Edinburgensis (1835), "Rex Scottorum Malcolmus, cum filio fua primogeito Edwardo, a Norhimbris occifus eft." p. 60, see also fn #w.
? Pryde, E.B. (ed.) Handbook of British Chronology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (3rd ed. 1986), rv. 1996, p. 57.
? Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 577 SCOTLAND 1.i. Edward of Scotland
? Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 577 SCOTLAND 1.ii. Edmund of Scotland
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 31
? Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, pp. 577-578 SCOTLAND 1.iii. Æthelred, Abbot of Dunkeld
? 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 32 .
? Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 578 SCOTLAND 1.iv. Edgar, King of Scots
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 45 .
? Rud, Thomas. Codicum Manuscriptorum Ecclesiae Cathedralis Dunelmensis. (1825), Monachi & alii Quorum in Margine Matyrologii: "III. Id. Jan. [11 Jan.]: Obit. Ædgarus Rex Scottorum."p. 215.
? 20.0 20.1 20.2 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 1, p. 3.
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 47 .
? 22.0 22.1 22.2 Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 578 SCOTLAND 1.v. Alexander I, King of Scots
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 50 .
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 52 .
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 53 .
? 26.0 26.1 Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, pp. 578-580 SCOTLAND 2. David I.
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 59 .
? Stevenson, J. (ed). Chronica de Mailros. Edinburgh: the Societatis Edinburgensis (1835). Anno M.C.LIIJ:"Obiit Dauid rex Scottorum ix. kal. Junii [24 May]...p. 75.
? Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. Scottish Kings: A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005-1625. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1899), p. 64.
? Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 578 SCOTLAND 1.vii. Maud of Scotland.
? Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 4, p. 578 SCOTLAND 1.viii. Mary of Scotland.
? Robertson, Eben William. Scotland Under Her Early Kings. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1862), repr. by Forgotten Books (2018), p. 148.
? 33.0 33.1 Duncan, A.A.M. Scotland, the Making of the Kingdom. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd (1975), The Edinburgh History of Scotland, vol. 1, p. 122.
? 34.0 34.1 34.2 Duncan, A.A.M. Scotland, the Making of the Kingdom. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd (1975), The Edinburgh History of Scotland, vol. 1, p. 123.
? Robertson, Eben William. Scotland Under Her Early Kings. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1862), repr. by Forgotten Books (2018), p. 147.
? Burton, John Hill. The History of Scotland. Edinbough: William Blackwood and Sons (1874), repr. by Elibron Classics (2006), vol. 1, p. 383
? 37.0 37.1 37.2 Robertson, Eben William. Scotland Under Her Early Kings. Edinburgh: Edmonston and Douglas (1862), repr. by Forgotten Books (2018), pp. 149-150.
? Turgot, Bishop of St Andrews. Life of Margaret, Queen of Scotland. Edinburgh: W. Paterson (1884), p. 79.
? Dalrymple, Sir David. Annals of Scotland. Edinburgh: William Creech (1797), vol. 1, p. 31.
See Also:
Cawley, Charles. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Medieval Lands Database. Malcolm III.
Post, W.E. Saints, Signs and Symbols. Essex: Hart-Talbot Printers, Ltd; Kindle ed. publ. by Muriwai Books (2017), p. 144. St Margaret's symbol is a black Greek cross and silver saltire, on a blue field.
Weir, Alison. Britain's Royal Families. London: The Bodley Head ((1989), p. 185.
Wikipedia: Saint Margaret of Scotland
Wikidata: Item Q230507, en:Wikipedia
Katherine PABENHAM
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth Date: Abt 1372 - Thenford, Northamptonshire, England Christening: Death: 17 Jul 1436 - Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England ( aged about 64) Burial: Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Sir Laurence PABENHAM (Abt 1334-1399) Mother: Elizabeth ENGAINE (Abt 1341-1387)
Spouses and Children
1. *Sir Thomas AYLESBURY (Bef 1369 - 9 Sep 1418) Marriage: Bef Dec 1399 - England Status: Children: 1. Eleanor AYLESBURY (Abt 1406-After 1481) 2. William CHEYNE ( - ) Marriage: Bef 1396 - England Status:
Notes
Research:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Pabenham-1
---
Biography
Katherine Pabenham, was the daughter of Laurence de Pabenham, Knt. and Elizabeth d'Engaine, [1][2] and the widow of William Cheyney, Knt.[3] She was born about 1372, and died 17 Jun 1436.[4][5][6]
Katherine's father, Sir Laurence Pabenham was born about 1334, and died 10 Jun 1399.
Katherine's mother, Elizabeth d' Engaine was born about 1341, and died 23 Sep 1377.
Katherine Pabenham was born circa 1372 at of Eaton in Eaton Socon, Bedfordshire, England; Age 27 in 1399.
Marriages
She married 1st to Sir William Cheney, son of Henry Cheney and (Miss) Mochate, before 20 June 1383. William Cheney was born about 1372 and died 1397.
They had 2 sons and one daughter together:
Lawrence Cheney, Esq., Sheriff of Cambridgeshire & Huntingdonshire, Escheator of Bedfordshire & Buckinghamshire b. c 1396, d. 31 Dec 1461.
John
Anne
Katherine Pabenham married 2nd to Sir Thomas Aylesbury,[1][7]
Sir Thomas was Sheriff of Bedfordshire & Buckinghamshire, son of Sir John Aylesbury, Sheriff of Buckinghamshire & Bedfordshire and Isabel le Strange. He was born before December 1369 and died 9 Sep. 1418.
They had 1 son (John) and 2 daughters (Eleanor, wife of Sir Humphrey Stafford; & Isabel (Elizabeth), wife of Sir Thomas Chaworth) Katherine Pabenham died on 17 June 1436.2,6,9
Isabel Aylesbury b. c 1401, d. 1458
Eleanor Aylesbury[1]b. c 1406, d. a 15 Jun 1481
Richard Aylesbury b. c 1415
Property
Mochettes Manor
"Henry Cheyney, however, inherited its fee simple in right of his wife, who was probably George Muschet's daughter. (fn. 25) The manor was settled in 1377 on Henry's son Sir William Cheyney (d. 1399), whose widow Catherine held the manor in 1419. (fn. 26) It had passed by 1428 to Sir William Cheyney's son Lawrence (d. 1461). (fn. 27) In 1480 Lawrence's son and heir Sir John (d. 1489) granted Mochettes manor to his eldest son Sir Thomas, (fn. 28) who died in 1514. His daughter and heir Elizabeth brought the manor by her marriage to Thomas Vaux (b. 1509), later 2nd Lord Vaux of Harrowden. (fn. 29) Thomas and Elizabeth both died in 1556, and the manor passed to their son and heir William. (fn. 30) On his death in 1595, it descended to his grandson Edward, Lord Vaux, who sold it in 1619 to Thomas Willys (d. 1626). (fn. 31) The manor thereafter formed part of the Fen Ditton estate."[8]
Pytchley Manor
In 1377 a conveyance of Laxton, Pytchley, and other manors was made to John de Goldington and his wife Joyce by the other two sisters and their husbands, and a second conveyance finally left the manor of Pytchley, then held in dower by Katharine, widow of Sir Thomas Engayne, as the property of Elizabeth and Lawrence de Pabenham. Elizabeth predeceased her husband, and at his death in 1399 their heir was their daughter Katharine Pabenham, aged 27.[2]
Katharine Pabenham married first Sir William Cheyne of Fen Ditton (Cambs.), and secondly Sir Thomas Aylesbury, who possessed the two Pytchley manors at his death in September 1418.[2]
When Richard Basset died, his estates were divided between his cousins, Weldon passing to John Knyvet and Pytchley to Sir Thomas Aylesbury, who died in 1418 seized of a manor of Pytchley, composed of the manor of Pytchley called Engaynes.[2]
On the death of Katharine Aylesbury, in 17 July 1436, her son Lawrence Cheyne inherited the Engayne manor, and in 1449, settled it on himself and his wife Elizabeth, with the remainder to their son, John.[2]
The two daughters of Katherine and Sir Thomas Aylesbury, Isabel and Eleanor also inherited:
Isabel married Sir Thomas Chaworth and they were granted the abbey of Peterborough in 1416-17, but upon Sir Thomas's death, it was assigned for life to his widow.[2]
In 1459 Sir Thomas Chaworth died, seized of a moiety of this manor, held by him of the Abbot of Peterborough for life, and after the death of his wife Isabel, it became the inheritance of William Chaworth, her son and heir.[2]
The other moiety of the manor remained in the hands of Sir Thomas Aylesbury's other daughter and co-heir Eleanor, who married Humphrey Stafford. The attainder and execution of Humphrey Stafford was followed by a grant on 6 October 1487 of the manor of Bassets, to Sir John Guldeford. This manor, apparently including the Chaworth moiety, subsequently passed to Robert Isham.[2]
From British History on line. Edited for space and content relevant to biography.
Eaton Manor
In 1419 on May 12 at Westminister: John Megre, clerk, and Robert Wandesforth, clerk, acquired to themselves and their heirs from Katharine, late the wife of Thomas Aylesbury, Knt. two parts of the manor of Eton, in Bedford, held by the king in chief, and entered thereon and afterwards granted the said manor by charter to her and Thomas Brake, clerk, among others, and their heirs and these entered thereon without licence; the king for 10£. paid in the hanaper, pardons the trespasses in this.[7]
On May 4, 1422, Laurence Cheyne, esquire, wrote a release to Katherine, the late wife of Thomas Aylesbury, Knt., releasing all his right in the manor of Eton, co. Bedford, held of the king in chief, that he and his wife, Elizabeth, afterwards acquired the manor to themselves and his heirs from the said Katherine and others, and entered thereon without a license. He paid the king 10 marks in the hanaper, and was pardoned the trespass.[9]
In 1422, her son Laurence Cheyne, Esq. and his wife Elizabeth released the manor of Eaton (in Eaton Socon) Bedfordshire to Katherine, Thomas Blake, and others.[5][4] Katherine was granted letters of fraternity by the Prior and Convent of Durham in 1423.[5][4] In 1424 she presented to the perpetual chantry of St. Nicholas of Eaton, Bedfordshire.[5][4]
Laxton Manor and Giddyng Magna Manor
On 1 May 1423, a Pardon to Thomas La Warr, and others for acquiring to them, from Catherine, the late wife of Thomas Aylesbury, knight, the manor of Laxton with the appurtenances, and all the lands, tenements, meadows, feedings, pastures, rents and services which the said Catherine had in Pittesle of Engayne fee, co. Northampton, and also the manor of Giddyng Magna in Huntingdon etc. all which are held of the king in chief, and for entering therein without a licence of Henry V. For 20 marks paid in the hanaper.[10]
Death
Katherine died on 17 June 1436.[1][5][4][2]
Sources
? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Weis, Frederick Lewis. Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists who Came to America before 1700. Eighth Edition. 2004, Balt. Md. Pages 176-177.
? 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Parishes: Pytchley, in A History of the County of Northampton: Volume 4, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1937), pp. 208-213. British History Online [accessed 15 May 2021.
? Marshall, George William. Ed. Visitations of the County of Nottingham, in the years 1569 and 1614. Published 1871, London. Pages 123-128.
? 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. (Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011), vol. I, pages 116-119, BASSET #9 and 10, Thomas and Eleanor Aylesbury.
? 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Douglas Richardson. "Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families", 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2013). Vol III, page 239-240, HASTANG 14, Humphrey Stafford.
? "The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1386-1421"., ed. by J.S. Roskell, Clark, & Rawcliffe. 1993. History of Parliament Online.
? 7.0 7.1 Calendar of the Patent Rolls, Henry V. Vol. II A.D. 1416-1422. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Eaton Manor
? 'Fen Ditton,' in An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the County of Cambridgeshire, Volume 2, North-East Cambridgeshire (London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1972), 47-65, accessed March 14, 2016, [1]
? Calendar of Patent Rolls. Henry V. Vol. II. 1416-1422. His Majesty's Stationary Office. 1911. Page 437.[2]
? Calendar of the Patent Rolls, Henry VI. A.D. 1422-1429. Printed for his majesty's stationery office, by the NorfolK Chronicle. 1901. Membrane 6, May 1, 1423. page 87.
See also:
Weis, Fredrick Lewis. The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999. Page: 51-8.
The Visitation of Cambridge made in 1575,Continued and enlarged with the visitation of the county made by Henery St. George, Richmond herald, marshall and deputy to Willm. Camdem, Clarenceulx, in a?? 1619, with many other descents added therto Page 118: Cheney]
http://our-royal-titled-noble-and-commoner-ancestors.com/p551.htm#i16557
Sir Laurence PABENHAM
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth Date: Abt 1334 - Fen Drayton, Cambridgeshire, England Christening: Death: 10 Jun 1399 - Pavenham, Bedfordshire, England ( aged about 65) Burial: Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: Thomas DE PABENHAM ( -1344) Mother: Alice UFFORD (Abt 1300-Abt 1347)
Spouses and Children
1. *Elizabeth ENGAINE (Abt 1341 - 23 Sep 1387) Marriage: Bef 1372 Status: Children: 1. Katherine PABENHAM (Abt 1372-1436) 2. Joan DAUBENEY (Abt 1368 - After 1414) Marriage: Bef 1390 - England Status:
Notes
Research:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Pabenham-5
Sir Richard PEMBRIDGE KG
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth Date: 1320 - Broomscroft, Shropshire, England Christening: Death: 26 Jul 1375 - Leigh, Shropshire, England ( at age 55) Burial: Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Elizabeth LE STRANGE (Unknown - Abt 15 Sep 1362) Marriage: 9 Jun 1360 Status:Joan PEVEREL
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth Date: Abt 1305 - Castle Ashby, Northamptonshire, England Christening: Death: After 30 Jun 1359 Burial: Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *Sir John ENGAINE 1st Lord (30 May 1302 - 16 Feb 1358) Marriage: After 12 Nov 1318 - England Status: Children: 1. Elizabeth ENGAINE (Abt 1341-1387)
Notes
Research:
https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Peverel-19
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Ashby_House
Elizabeth PHELIPP
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth Date: Abt 1310 - Baldock, Herefordshire, England Christening: Death: Burial: Cause of Death:
Spouses and Children
1. *John DARSET (Abt 1300 - ) Marriage: Status: Children: 1. Juliana DARSET (1341-1414)
Notes
Research:
Allegedly from Richardson:
* Calendar of Fine Rolls (Feet of Fines) ? 46 Edward III, vol. __, pp. 157-58: States Juliana was the daughter of Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Phelipp of Baddock [Baldock] and his wife Isabel
* Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. IV, p. 140-141.
* Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. V, p. 89.
Eleanor PLANTAGENET
Sex: F
Individual Information
Birth Date: 13 Oct 1162 - Domfront, Normandy, France Christening: Death: 31 Oct 1214 - Burgos, Burgos, Castilla-Leon, Spain ( at age 52) Burial: Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: King Henry PLANTAGENET Curtmantle (1133-1189) Mother: Eleanor OF AQUITAINE (Abt 1124-1204)Geoffrey PLANTAGENET de Bretagne
Sex: M
Individual Information
Birth Date: 23 Sep 1158 - England Christening: Death: 19 Aug 1186 - Paris, Ile-de-France, France ( at age 27) Burial: Cause of Death:
Parents
Father: King Henry PLANTAGENET Curtmantle (1133-1189) Mother: Eleanor OF AQUITAINE (Abt 1124-1204)
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